Advanced vehicle technologies and fuels have the long-term potential to ease many of the environmental and political challenges associated with U.S. petroleum demand. Yet their development will require extensive time and resources, and their ultimate success cannot be guaranteed. In light of these challenges, development of effective vehicle technologies calls for a strategic approach. This report identifies technologies and fuels that support multiple pathways to environmentally preferable vehicles, capable of boosting near-term vehicle efficiencies, while simultaneously furthering longer-term transportation energy objectives.